|
|
|
|
|
caecum
|
(see�kum)
first portion of the large intestine; the ileum joins the
caecum at a right angle, and the
appendix is attached to the
caecum.
Body system
terms : Digestive system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
calcaneal tendon
|
(kal-kay'nee-al)
Achilles tendon.
Body system
terms : Musculoskeletal system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
calcaneus
|
(kal-kay'nee-uss)
heel bone.
Body system
terms : Musculoskeletal system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
calcium
|
(kal�see-um)
an element which occurs
naturally in all body tissues and fluids, for example in bones,
teeth and blood.
Body system
terms : Endocrine system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
canaliculus
|
see inferior
and superior canaliculus.
Body system
terms : The eyes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cancellous bone
|
(kan-sel�us, kan�se-lus)
spongy,
lightweight, porous bone.
Body system
terms : Musculoskeletal system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
canthus
|
(kan'thus)
see
inner and outer canthus.
Body system
terms : The eyes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
carbon dioxide
|
(often said as: see-oh-two)
odourless, colourless gas produced in tissue cells as a
by-product of metabolism;
CO2 is excreted by the lungs
.
Body system
terms : Respiratory system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cardi-
|
(card-ee-)
(to do with the) heart.
General terms :
Root words
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cardiac muscle
|
(kar'dee-ak)
involuntary muscle found exclusively
in the heart.
Body system
terms : Musculoskeletal system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cardiac vein
|
(kar'dee-ak)
part of the great cardiac
vein which lies in the coronary sulcus and returns blood to the
right atrium via the coronary sinus.
Body system
terms : Blood, and the circulatory system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
carina
|
(ka-ree'nah)
lowest part of the
tracheal cartilage which forms a
ridge between the openings of the right and left principal bronchi.
Body system
terms : Respiratory system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
carotid arteries
|
(ka-rot�id)
arteries (common, external and
internal)
which provide the major blood supply to the head
and neck.
Body system
terms : Blood, and the circulatory system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
carotid arteriogram
|
(kar-ot'id ar-teer'ee-oh-gram)
a
diagnostic method of examining the blood vessels of the brain using opaque dye and x-rays.
Diseases &
procedures : Procedures
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
carpal bones
|
(kar'pul)
eight small bones that form
the wrist.
Body system
terms : Musculoskeletal system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cartilage
|
(kar�til-aj)
tough connective tissue
which serves as protection between bones; it may also serve as
attachment or support.
Body system
terms : Musculoskeletal system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cartilaginous joint
|
(kar-til-aj'in-us)
a joint allowing a limited degree of
movement; also known as an amphiarthrosis
.
Body system
terms : Musculoskeletal system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cataract
|
loss of transparency of the crystalline lens of the eye due to
changes in its delicate protein fibres.
Diseases &
procedures : Diseases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-cele
|
(-seel)
tumour, swelling
e.g.
cystocele = hernia of urinary bladder through vaginal wall.
General terms :
Suffixes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cellulitis
|
(sel-yoo-ly'tis)
a bacterial infection
of the skin and the tissues beneath it; the affected area is
hot, tender and red.
Diseases &
procedures : Diseases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-centesis
|
(-sen-tee-sis)
perforation, tapping
e.g. paracentesis = puncture of a body cavity.
General terms :
Suffixes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
central nervous system
|
the brain and
spinal cord; often abbreviated to
CNS.
Body system
terms : Nervous system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cephal-
|
(sef-al-)
(to do with the) head.
General terms :
Root words
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cerebellum
|
(ser-ee-bel'um)
part of the hindbrain,
consisting of a median lobe and two lateral lobes.
Body system
terms : Nervous system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cerebr-
|
(se-ri-br-)
(to do with the) brain;
adjective: cerebral.
General terms :
Root words
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cerebral palsy
|
(se'ri-brul pol'zee)
disorder of
posture and movement resulting from damage to a child�s
developing brain, before, during or
immediately after birth.
Diseases &
procedures : Diseases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cerebrospinal fluid
|
(ser-ib-ro-spy�nal)
watery fluid which
surrounds the brain and spinal cord to cushion and protect
these vital organs; often abbreviated to CSF.
Body system
terms : Nervous system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cerebrovascular accident
|
(se'ri-broh-vas'kyoo-lar)
sudden
rupture or blockage of a blood vessel in the brain, causing serious bleeding and/or
local obstruction to blood circulation and leading to a stroke.
Diseases &
procedures : Diseases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cerebrum
|
(se'ri-brum)
the main portion of the
brain, comprised of two hemispheres,
consisting mainly of nerve cell
bodies.
Body system
terms : Nervous system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cerumen
|
(si-roo'men)
wax secreted into the
external auditory canal of the ear;
helps to protect the tympanic membrane
from foreign matter.
Body system
terms : The ears
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cervic-
|
(sur-vik-)
(to do with the) neck;
adjective: cervical.
General terms :
Root words
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cervical nerves
|
(sur'vik-ul)
eight pairs of spinal
nerves leaving the vertebral column at the associated
cervical vertebrae.
Body system
terms : Nervous system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cervical os
|
(ser�vik-ul os)
opening in the cervix (lower end) of the uterus.
Body system
terms : Reproductive system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cervical vertebrae
|
(sur'vik-ul vur'tub-ray)
the seven
bones of the neck; closest vertebrae
to the skull.
Body system
terms : Musculoskeletal system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cervix
|
(ser'viks)
the neck of the womb or
uterus.
Body system
terms : Reproductive system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cheil-, chil-
|
(kyl-)
(to do with a) lip.
General terms :
Root words
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cheir-, chir-
|
(kyr-)
(to do with a) hand.
General terms :
Root words
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
childbirth
|
the process by which the foetus and products of conception are
passed from the mother's body.
Body system
terms : Reproductive system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
chol-
|
(kol-)
(to do with) bile.
General terms :
Root words
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cholecystectomy
|
(koli-sis-tekt'oh-mee)
surgical removal
of the gall bladder.
Diseases &
procedures : Procedures
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cholecystitis
|
(kol-i-sis-ty'tis)
inflammation of the
gall bladder.
Diseases &
procedures : Diseases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cholelithiasis
|
(kol-i-lith-ee'er-sis)
formation of
stones (calculus) in the gall bladder
.
Diseases &
procedures : Diseases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
chondr-
|
(kondr-)
(to do with) cartilage.
General terms :
Root words
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
chondritis
|
(kon-dry'tis)
inflammation of cartilage.
Diseases &
procedures : Diseases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
choroid
|
(ko'royd)
the middle coat of the eye,
lining the majority of the inner surface of the sclera.
Body system
terms : The eyes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
chyme
|
(kime)
semiliquid material resulting
from action of digestive juices on food in the stomach.
Body system
terms : Digestive system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ciliary body
|
(sil'yar-ee)
ring of tissue extending
from the sclera, lined by cells that
secrete aqueous humour.
Body system
terms : The eyes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ciliary muscles
|
(sil'yar-ee)
muscles which change the
shape of the lens by contracting and
relaxing, to focus light rays on the retina
.
Body system
terms : The eyes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
circulatory
|
(to do with) movement around a circular
route.
Body system
terms : Blood, and the circulatory system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
circumcision
|
(sur-cum-si'zhun)
surgical removal of
the foreskin.
Diseases &
procedures : Procedures
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
circumduction
|
(sur�kum-duk�shun)
active or passive
circular movement of a limb (or of the eye).
General terms :
Movements of the body
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
claudication
|
(klor-di-kay'shun)
a cramp-like pain in
a muscle, most often in the legs, due to inadequate blood
supply. In intermittent claudication, pain is felt in the calves
after walking a certain distance and is relieved by rest.
Diseases &
procedures : Diseases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
clavicle
|
(klav'ee-kul)
collar bone; articulates
with the sternum and scapula.
Body system
terms : Musculoskeletal system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
clitoris
|
(klit�or-iss)
erectile organ of
sexual stimulation in the female.
Body system
terms : Reproductive system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
co-, con-
|
together, with
e.g. congenital = born
with.
General terms :
Prefixes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
coccyx
|
(kok'siks)
lower end of the spinal
column, consisting of four fused vertebral bones.
Body system
terms : Musculoskeletal system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cochlea
|
(kok�lee-ar)
a spiral tube of the
inner ear, resembling a snail's
shell, which contains the organ of Corti
and is the essential organ of hearing.
Body system
terms : The ears
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cochlear nerve
|
(kok�lee-ar)
that part of the eighth
cranial nerve which is concerned with
hearing.
Body system
terms : The ears
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
colon
|
(koh�lon)
second portion of the large intestine which is subdivided
into four sections: ascending colon,
transverse colon, descending colon and sigmoid colon.
Body system
terms : Digestive system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
colostomy
|
(kol-ost'oh-mee)
surgical procedure in
which an opening is created in the abdominal wall, to which the
colon is brought up and attached to
act as an artificial anus.
Diseases &
procedures : Procedures
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
colposcopy
|
(col-pos'kop-ee)
visual inspection of
the cervix and
vagina using a magnifying instrument called a
colposcope.
Diseases &
procedures : Procedures
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
common iliac artery
|
(il�ee-ak)
artery that carries the major blood
supply to each leg; splits into the internal
and external iliac arteries.
Body system
terms : Blood, and the circulatory system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
compact bone
|
(kom-pakt)
hard, dense, less porous
bone.
Body system
terms : Musculoskeletal system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
condyloid joints
|
(kon'di-loyd)
joints that allow movement around two
axes, i.e. flexion, extension,
abduction, adduction and
circumduction.
Body system
terms : Musculoskeletal system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
conjunctiva
|
(kon-junk-ti�vah)
mucous membrane which lines the eyelids and covers the exposed surface
of the sclera.
Body system
terms : The eyes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
conjunctivitis
|
(kon-junk-ti-vy'tis)
inflammation of
the conjunctiva causing redness,
discomfort and discharge from the affected eye.
Diseases &
procedures : Diseases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
contra-
|
(con-tra-)
against, opposite
e.g.
contraction = shortening, pulling together.
General terms :
Prefixes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
convoluted
|
(kon-voh-loo'ted)
tortuously
structured with multiple folds.
Body system
terms : Digestive system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cornea
|
(kor�nee-ah)
transparent frontal
layer of the eye.
Body system
terms : The eyes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
coronary artery
|
(kor'on-er-ee)
one of the arteries encircling the heart, which arise from the aorta and deliver blood to the muscle
of the heart.
Body system
terms : Blood, and the circulatory system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cost-
|
(kost-)
(to do with a) rib.
General terms :
Root words
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
crani-
|
(krayn--)
(to do with the) skull;
adjective: cranial.
General terms :
Root words
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cranial nerves
|
(kray�nee-ul)
the 12 pairs of nerves originating from the brain.
Body system
terms : Nervous system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
craniotomy
|
(cray-nee-ot'oh-mee)
surgical opening
of the skull.
Diseases &
procedures : Procedures
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cranium
|
(kray�nee-um)
skull bones which
protect the brain.
Body system
terms : Musculoskeletal system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cruciate ligaments
|
(croo'see-ayt)
two strong ligaments crossing one another in the
shape of the letter X in the interior of the kneejoint.
Body system
terms : Musculoskeletal system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
crystalline lens
|
(kris�tal-lin)
the lens of the eye.
Body system
terms : The eyes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cushing�s disease
|
a hormone
disorder caused by an abnormally high level of corticosteroid
hormones in the blood.
Diseases &
procedures : Diseases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cutaneous
|
(kew-tay'nee-uss)
to do with the skin.
Body system
terms : Skin and subcutaneous tissue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cyst-
|
(sist-)
(to do with a) bladder or sac.
General terms :
Root words
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cystectomy
|
(sis-tek-toh-me)
surgical removal of
the bladder.
Diseases &
procedures : Procedures
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cystic duct
|
(sis'tik)
the tube that links the gall bladder to the hepatic duct to form the common bile duct.
Body system
terms : Digestive system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cystitis
|
(sis-ty'tis)
inflammation of the
urinary bladder caused by infection.
Diseases &
procedures : Diseases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cystocele
|
(sis'toh-seel)
herniation of the bladder into the
vagina.
Diseases &
procedures : Diseases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cystoscopy
|
(sis-tos'kop-ee)
the examination of the
urethra and
bladder using a cystoscope which is inserted up the
urethra.
Diseases &
procedures : Procedures
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cyt-
|
(site-)
(to do with a) cell.
General terms :
Root words
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
