|
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|
a-
|
without, not
e.g. anaesthesia = loss
of sensation.
General terms :
Prefixes
|
|
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|
ab-
|
away from
e.g. abnormal = not normal.
General terms :
Prefixes
|
|
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|
abdomen
|
(ab'doh-men)
the part of the body
cavity below the chest.
Body system
terms : Musculoskeletal system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
abdominal aorta
|
(ab-dom'in-ul ay-or�tah)
lower part of
the descending aorta, from the aortic
hiatus of the diaphragm to the
bifurcation into the common iliac arteries
.
Body system
terms : Blood, and the circulatory system
|
|
|
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|
abduct
|
(ab-dukt')
to move a limb or other
body part away from the axial line (the mid-line of the body).
General terms :
Movements of the body
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
abduction
|
(ab-duk�shun)
the act of abducting or
the state of being abducted.
General terms :
Movements of the body
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
accessory organs
|
(ak-ses�or-ee)
structures which aid
in the digestive process - tongue, teeth,
salivary glands, pancreas,
liver and gall
bladder.
Body system
terms : Digestive system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
acetabulum
|
(ass-i-tab'yoo-lum)
the cup shaped
socket on the pelvis which holds the
head of the femur.
Body system
terms : Musculoskeletal system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Achilles tendon
|
(a-kill'eez)
the powerful tendon at the
back of the heel which attaches the triceps surae muscle to the
calcaneus.
Body system
terms : Musculoskeletal system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ad-
|
to
e.g. adhesion = joining of parts
to each other.
General terms :
Prefixes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Addison�s disease
|
a disorder of the
adrenal glands, leading to deficient output of
cortisol and aldosterone (steroid hormones
).
Diseases &
procedures : Diseases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
adduct
|
(a-dukt')
to move a limb or other body
part towards the axial line (the mid-line of the body).
General terms :
Movements of the body
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
adduction
|
(a-duk�shun)
the act of adducting or
the state of being adducted.
General terms :
Movements of the body
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
aden-
|
(a-den-)
(to do with a) gland.
General terms :
Root words
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
adenoidectomy
|
(ad-in-oid-ekt'oh-mee)
surgical removal
of the adenoids.
Diseases &
procedures : Procedures
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
adenoids
|
(ad'in-oidz)
collection of lymphatic
tissue at the rear of the nose.
Body system
terms : Respiratory system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
adrenal glands
|
(ad-ree�nal)
two small endocrine glands, one located above
each kidney.
Body system
terms : Endocrine system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
adrenalectomy
|
(a-dree-nal-ekt'oh-mee)
surgical
removal of an adrenal gland.
Diseases &
procedures : Procedures
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-aemia
|
(-ee-me-ah)
blood
e.g.
hyperglycaemia = abnormally high concentration of blood glucose.
General terms :
Suffixes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
aer-
|
(air-)
(to do with) air.
General terms :
Root words
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
afferent
|
(af'ur-ent)
conveying toward (any point
of reference).
General terms :
Views of the body
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
afterbirth
|
the placenta.
Body system
terms : Reproductive system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-algia
|
(-al-jee-ah)
pain
e.g. nephralgia
= renal pain.
General terms :
Suffixes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
alimentary canal
|
(ali-men�tar-ee)
the continuous tract
from mouth to anus through which food
moves during the process of digestion.
Body system
terms : Digestive system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
alveolar duct
|
(al-vee-oh'lar)
small passages
connecting the respiratory bronchioles
and alveolar sacs.
Body system
terms : Respiratory system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
alveoli
|
(al-vee-oh'lee)
very small air sacs in
the lungs through which oxygen and
carbon dioxide are exchanged.
Body system
terms : Respiratory system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alzheimer�s disease
|
(alts'hy-merz)
a degenerative disorder
of the brain characterised by memory
loss.
Diseases &
procedures : Diseases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
amniotic cavity
|
(am-nee-ot'ik)
the membraneous sac in
which the foetus develops.
Body system
terms : Reproductive system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
amphiarthrosis
|
(am-fee-arth-roh'sis)
a cartilaginous joint.
Body system
terms : Musculoskeletal system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ampulla of Vater
|
(am-pew'ler of var'ter)
dilated section
of the common bile duct when it is
joined by the pancreatic duct.
Body system
terms : Digestive system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
anaemia
|
(an-eem'ee-yah)
a condition in which
the concentration of the oxygen-carrying pigment in the blood,
known as haemoglobin, is below normal.
Diseases &
procedures : Diseases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
anal canal
|
(ay�nul)
the passageway from the rectum to the anus
; terminal portion of the intestinal tract, about 25 to
35 mm long.
Body system
terms : Digestive system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
anal sphincter
|
(ay�nul sfink'ter)
the ring-like muscle
that controls the opening of the anus
.
Body system
terms : Digestive system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
anastomosis
|
(an-ass-toh-moh'sis)
surgical joining
of two blood vessels or tubular cavities, such as the intestine.
Diseases &
procedures : Procedures
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
aneurysm
|
(an'yoo-rizm)
abnormal swelling
(dilation) of an artery caused by the
pressure of blood flowing through a weakened area.
Diseases &
procedures : Diseases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
angi-
|
(an-ji-)
(to do with a) vessel.
General terms :
Root words
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
angina pectoris
|
(an-jy'na pek-tor'is)
pain in the chest
due to insufficient oxygen being carried to the heart muscle in the blood.
Diseases &
procedures : Diseases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
angiography
|
(an-ji-og'raf-ee)
a diagnostic method
of viewing the blood vessels following injection of a radiopaque
substance.
Diseases &
procedures : Procedures
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ante-
|
(an-tee-)
before
e.g. antenatal =
before birth.
General terms :
Prefixes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
anterior
|
(an-teer'ee-or)
toward or relating to
the front surface of (any point of reference); also called ventral.
General terms :
Views of the body
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
anterior chamber
|
(an-tee'ree-or)
frontal space in the
eyeball containing aqueous humour and
bounded by cornea, part of the sclera, iris
, part of the ciliary body and that
part of the lens which presents
through the pupil.
Body system
terms : The eyes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
anti-
|
(an-ti-)
against
e.g. antipyretic
= fever reducing.
General terms :
Prefixes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
anus
|
(ay�nus)
the opening of the alimentary canal to the exterior at the
end of the anal canal.
Body system
terms : Digestive system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
aorta
|
(ay-or�tah)
largest artery in the body; arises out of the
left ventricle of the heart and courses down the body trunk.
Body system
terms : Blood, and the circulatory system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
aortic arch
|
(ay-or�tik)
curved portion of the aorta which courses upward then turns
downward behind the heart to form an
arch.
Body system
terms : Blood, and the circulatory system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
aortic bifurcation
|
(ay-or�tik byi-fur-kay�shun)
distal
end (ie furthest away from the heart)
of the abdominal aorta at which point
the artery divides into the two common iliac
arteries.
Body system
terms : Blood, and the circulatory system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
aortic valve
|
(ay-or�tik)
fibrous tissue flaps or
leaflets which open and close between the left ventricle and ascending aorta; valve closure prevents backflow
(reflux) of blood into the heart.
Body system
terms : Blood, and the circulatory system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
appendicectomy
|
(ap-end-i-sekt'oh-mee)
surgical removal
of the appendix.
Diseases &
procedures : Procedures
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
appendicitis
|
(ap-end-i-sy'tis)
acute inflammation of
the appendix.
Diseases &
procedures : Diseases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
appendix
|
(ap-pen�diks)
blind, worm-like pouch
found at the caecum; has no known
role in digestion.
Body system
terms : Digestive system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
aqueous humour
|
(ak�wee-uss hyoo'mer)
watery,
transparent fluid produced in the eye and found in the anterior and
posterior chambers of the eye; helps maintain conical
shape of the front of the globe and assists in focusing light
rays on the retina.
Body system
terms : The eyes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
areola
|
(a-ree'oh-lah)
pigmented area
surrounding the nipple.
Body system
terms : Reproductive system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
arrector pili muscle
|
(a-rek'tor pill'ee)
muscle in the dermis which elevates the hairs of the
skin, causing 'goose pimples' (plural: arrectores pilorum).
Body system
terms : Skin and subcutaneous tissue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
arteriole
|
(ar-tee�ree-ol)
small artery.
Body system
terms : Blood, and the circulatory system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
artery
|
(ar�ter-ee)
elastic, extensible
vessel that carries blood away from the
heart.
Body system
terms : Blood, and the circulatory system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
arthr-
|
(ar-thr-)
(to do with a) joint.
General terms :
Root words
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
arthritis
|
(ar-thry'tis)
inflammation of one or
more joints, with pain, swelling and
stiffness.
Diseases &
procedures : Diseases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
arthroplasty
|
(arth'roh-plas-tee)
replacement of a
joint or part of a joint by metal or
plastic components.
Diseases &
procedures : Procedures
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
arthroscopy
|
(arth-ros'kop-ee)
inspection inside a
joint using an endoscope.
Diseases &
procedures : Procedures
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
articular cartilage
|
(ar-tik�yoo-lar kar�ti-lij)
dense
connective tissue which covers the articular surfaces of bones
(ie the surfaces at which they are in contact or 'articulate'
with each other).
Body system
terms : Musculoskeletal system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
articulation
|
(ar-tik-yoo-lay�shun)
junction of two
or more bones; a joint; the point at
which one bone 'articulates' with another.
Body system
terms : Musculoskeletal system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ascending colon
|
first part of the
colon, from the caecum to
the hepatic flexure.
Body system
terms : Digestive system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
asthma
|
(ass'ma)
a lung disease in which there
is intermittent narrowing of the bronchi
(airways) causing shortness of breath, wheezing and
cough.
Diseases &
procedures : Diseases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
atrioventricular valve
|
(ay-tree-oh-ven-trik'yoo-lar)
one of
two valves through which blood flows from
atria to ventricles of the
heart; the right atrioventricular
valve is also known as the tricuspid valve
and the left atrioventricular valve is also known as the
mitral valve.
Body system
terms : Blood, and the circulatory system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
atrium
|
(ay�tree-um)
one of the two upper
chambers of the heart (right and
left); plural: atria.
Body system
terms : Blood, and the circulatory system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
auditory canal
|
(ord'it-or-ee)
see
external auditory canal.
Body system
terms : The ears
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
auditory nerve
|
(ord'it-or-ee)
vestibulocochlear nerve
(eighth cranial nerve); nerve of
hearing and balance.
Body system
terms : The ears
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
auditory ossicles
|
(ord'it-or-ee oss'ik-uls)
the three
small bones of the middle ear: malleus, incus
and stapes, commonly known as
the ossicular chain.
Body system
terms : The ears
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
auricle
|
(or'ik-ul)
the
pinna or flap of the outer ear
.
Body system
terms : The ears
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
autonomic nervous system
|
(or-toh-nom'ik)
involuntary nervous
system not subject to control by human will; made up of the
parasympathetic and sympathetic systems.
Body system
terms : Nervous system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
axon
|
(aks'on)
extension of a nerve cell that carries electrical
impulses away from the cell body; also known as nerve fibres.
Body system
terms : Nervous system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
