The nerve endings in thedermis are of different kinds to detect the various sensations that we can feel through the sin - pain,cold,heat,touch and pressure.

Hairs are structures that develop in the hair folliciles. The portion of the hair within the follicle is known as the hair root.

The arrectores pillorium(sngular arrector pilli) are tiny muscles attached to the hair roots that cause the hair to become erect when they contract.

Sweat glands are coiled tubes whose ducts open in the pores of the epidermis. They secrete sweat, which consists of water,salts and traces of other waste products. The evaporation of sweat from the skin surface has a cooling effect. In hot weather and during exercise, sweating increases.

Sebaceous glands usually open into hair follicles. They secrete on oily fluid called sebum that helps keep the skin supple and the hairs from becoming dry and brittle.

Blood vessels nourish the cells of the dermis and its appendages. The amount of blood circulating through the skin helps regulate the body temperature. In cold weather, the blood vessels are constricted to limit the loss of heat. In hot weather, the vessels dilate so that there is more blood near the surface of the body and heat can be lost.